Do you ever get pupils to read aloud in class? In font of the whole class? Or in pairs or groups?
Does reading aloud have any value as an activity in the ML classroom?
I occasionally got students of all ages to read aloud in front of the class, but I confess that my reasons for doing so may not have been as clear as they should have been. What are the pros and cons of reading aloud to the whole class?
Against
You may decide that reading aloud should have a very specific purpose e.g. focusing on pronunciation or intonation patterns. In French it is useful for teaching the final syllabus stress and rising pitch pattern. You may also prefer students to read quite short sections of text.
Getting students to read aloud "around the class" in a predictable order is probably poor practice, but is not totally without merit. It may have been favoured at one time because it meant that at some point in the term everyone would get a go. In a sense, it also resembles random "no hands up" questioning in that it is not the best students who get to speak all the time. But students calculate when they will have to read, get anxious and may not listen to the person currently reading. Some will work out that they will not have to read at all and may put their feet up. There is no expectation that you may have to perform at any moment.
Reading aloud in front of the group may be a stepping stone to paired reading aloud, which has other advantages: everyone is active, students can assess each others' reading and there is no need to feel inhibited, so performance may be better. Paired reading aloud is great as long as the quality is good. If you let pupils perform badly errors will become fossilised.
What do you think? Did I miss anything?
Does reading aloud have any value as an activity in the ML classroom?
I occasionally got students of all ages to read aloud in front of the class, but I confess that my reasons for doing so may not have been as clear as they should have been. What are the pros and cons of reading aloud to the whole class?
Against
- It's a scary activity for most pupils and may put undue pressure on them. It is often claimed that we learn a language (or anything for that matter) best when we are comfortable and not under threat.
- It may open a pupil to ridicule from their peers.
- When one pupil is reading the rest of the class may be doing nothing. This becomes apparent when you ask questions after someone has read. I found that the person quickest to respond was the student who had just read. Their mind was more focused than the that of the rest of the class
- It provides an inferior model to the rest of the class when compared with the teacher (usually). It is therefore relatively poor comprehensible input.
- It is an artificial way of communicating in the classroom.There are far better things you could be doing.
- If you want students to read let them do it in pairs. There is more participation and performance may even be better.
- It allows the most confident students to perform. Some enjoy showing off what they can do and this may reinforce their motivation.
- It is an acceptable source of comprehensible listening input to the reader and the rest of the group.
- It makes a change from the teacher talking or reading aloud.
- It provides an opportunity to focus on aspects of pronunciation and intonation. I found getting students to read was an effective and fun way to practise French intonation patterns
- It is a good activity for class control. I found that classes would listen respectfully to their peers reading aloud.
- It allows the student to focus on pronunciation and lets teacher correct and perfect it.
- It helps develop a student's confidence in speaking in front of others. It is a good life skill.
- It is a challenge. Why not challenge students in the classroom to overcome inhibitions?
- It is an AfL opportunity. After someone has read others can comment on what was good about it. This works when handled carefully.
You may decide that reading aloud should have a very specific purpose e.g. focusing on pronunciation or intonation patterns. In French it is useful for teaching the final syllabus stress and rising pitch pattern. You may also prefer students to read quite short sections of text.
Getting students to read aloud "around the class" in a predictable order is probably poor practice, but is not totally without merit. It may have been favoured at one time because it meant that at some point in the term everyone would get a go. In a sense, it also resembles random "no hands up" questioning in that it is not the best students who get to speak all the time. But students calculate when they will have to read, get anxious and may not listen to the person currently reading. Some will work out that they will not have to read at all and may put their feet up. There is no expectation that you may have to perform at any moment.
Reading aloud in front of the group may be a stepping stone to paired reading aloud, which has other advantages: everyone is active, students can assess each others' reading and there is no need to feel inhibited, so performance may be better. Paired reading aloud is great as long as the quality is good. If you let pupils perform badly errors will become fossilised.
What do you think? Did I miss anything?
Here in the US, there is a researcher named Anita Archer whose conference I attended a few years ago. She has some really good strategies for teaching reading and comprehension. Though some of them are hard to adapt for foreign language, I did take away some of her reading strategies. My favorite is to do reading but to do so as a whole class (short passages, after they are able to sound things out reasonably well) or in small groups. Usually when I have students do a reading, I will have them take turns in their group reading aloud as the first step. I stress that it is for practicing pronunciation, not for comprehension. Then I listen as they read and if I note any systematic errors, we talk about it as a class. This works a little better than one student reading in front of the class because then multiple students can read at one time, and since it's not otherwise silent, nervous students don't have to worry about the whole class hearing their mistakes. After that, then we can move into the comprehension activities.
ReplyDeleteHi. Thank you for commenting. Whole group reading aloud is something that works in modern language teaching. Establishing a good understanding of word-sound relationships is important and reading aloud from the board, all together, can help with this in my opinion. It's certainly an activity I would use with beginners and near beginners.
ReplyDeleteGreat post! I was just discussing this very topic at Parlez avec Pauline. While I do not agree with having students present individually in front of the class, (in my experience as a teacher, students absolutely abhor this activity), the benefits to student achievement with paired and group choral reading cannot be understated.
ReplyDeleteP.S. Shared your post on my FB page and group! It resonates so well with my AIM teaching philosophy and practice!
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